Active and passive verb form_revision

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html

Presentation_plan_Globalisation

Thanks Dilek for the useful links on Friday .Today I have got my presentation plan that will be presented on Tuesday 9 September 2008 .

1. Present the overview of global businesses

2. The benefits and drawbacks of globalisation that might effect on global business, particularly

- Global marketplaces
- Multinational companies (the example of global brands)

3. Conclusion :
- Summarise what have been said - advantages /disadvantages of globalisation that may impact global businesses.
- Some suggestion from presenter 's point of view

Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing_definition

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/563/01/

Reading practice

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/a03859a6-7b6d-11dd-b839-000077b07658.html

Summary :

Verb tenses revision

http://www.learn-english-today.com/lessons/lesson_contents/verbs_tense-revision.htm

I used this website to revise the verb tenses .

Presentation_useful phrases

The following website below was given me some useful phrases for preparing my presentation next week.

http://www.learn-english-today.com/business-english/presentations-phrases.htm

Verbs _Infinitive & Gerund (revision)

I went to this website due to I am a little bit confusing about infinitive and gerund .I found that it is a useful website .

http://www.learn-english-today.com/lessons/lesson_contents/gerund-infinitive.html

1.It's obvious he's only interested in (make) ____making__________ money.
2. Anne couldn't find a taxi so I offered (drive) __to drive_______ her to the station.
3. I managed (book) ___to book_____________ two seats on the morning flight
4. I promise (send) __to send______ you our new brochure as soon as it's available.
5. Peter was delighted (meet) ___to meet____________ a former colleague at the conference.
6. I avoid (take) __taking_____________ the car whenever possible, especially in big cities.
7. We finished the job by (work) ___working____________ 12 hours a day.
8. Bob sent a report to the Chairman instead of (attend) ____attending_______ the meeting.
9. A lot of people dislike (drive) __driving_____________ at night.
10. I intend (speak) __to speak________ to my boss about your complaint.

I did this excercise and got 80% score.

Answer

1) making 2) to drive 3) to book 4) to send 5) to meet 6) taking 7) working 8) attending 9) driving 10) to speak

Feel Free for a minute

Finally,my essay was sent in the morning so now I feel so Great and free from it ;-))) but tomorrow I am going to work hard again on improving my English that I really enjoin it.

The Globalisation_Eassy_Final Version

Summarise the main effects of globalisation and discuss to what extent they are beneficial to global businesses.

Boonnueang S.

Over the past decade there has been a dramatic increase in world economic growth (International Monetary Fund, 2006). Some people believe that one of the key factors in contributing to this is globalisation. Whilst a variety of definitions of the term globalisation have been suggested by many institutes, for example, the Canadian Economy has defined globalization as ‘the increased mobility of goods, services, labour, technology and capital throughout the world’ (www.canadianeconomy.gc.ca) and the World Bank defined it as ‘the growing integration of economies and societies around the world’ (www.worldbank.org).The phenomenon of globalisation has had a widespread effect in many aspects and is widely believed to have brought a lot of benefits to the world economy, especially the financial markets, trade liberalisation and the emerging market economy. However, some critics argue that the vast benefits of globalisation have been delivered to only a group of multinational companies. (Anand S and Segal P, 2006).So this essay will look at the main implications of globalisation that might impact on the world economy, particularly the financial market, the emerging market economy and trade liberalisation and show the effects of globalisation on global businesses especially, global marketplaces and multinational companies, in particular, global brands.

The main implications of globalisation.
In the new global economy, the capital markets have become a central issue for many discussions and debates. And also Friedman (2006) claims that the era of globalisation has often been mentioned in the world’s financial markets because the global movement and trade of capital is now so simple, through the click of a mouse. Especially, making the value of currency intrinsically linked to the remarkable technology which connects trading rooms directly and enables investors in Singapore to trade in the Wall Street stock market, New York and vice versa.(Friedman T,2006) In a similar way, supporters suggest that globalisation has been a key factor in developing global capital flows. This is illustrated by time zones that have been replaced by the twenty four hour a day stock markets and foreign direct investment (FDI). According to Lasserre (2007), the report stated that the world capital flow has increased significantly from US$630 billion in 1982 to US$10,130 billion in 2005 by FDI. However, there are those too that claim that globalisation has brought many disadvantages to the financial markets, when for example, very large sums of funds are move from one stock market to another. This was exemplified by one of the most important events of the 1970’s, the Asian financial crisis, when a vast amount of capital flow was withdrawn from Asian stock market. This caused not only a big crash in terms of the Asian markets and businesses, with many firms going out of business because of the lack of financial policies in the region in countries like Korea, Thailand and Malaysia, but also impacted in the US and European stock markets. (Burgess and Connell, 2007)

There have been significant reports that show a rapid increase of wages in emerging countries, particularly China and India. This may be because of the movement of international firms that have set up their global production factories in developing countries and the vast amount of capital has been moved to Asian stock market. According to Zhang (2001), China, one of these emerging economic countries, has benefited greatly from globalisation as the gross domestic product (GDP) rose over 7.8 percent in 1998. On the other hand, even though many reports have shown the clear benefits of globalisation in emerging markets but some authors have argued that more negative effects are discovered here when the economic growth has risen rapidly. This is demonstrated again by examples in Asia, where huge gaps in wages have emerged between the rich and the poor. Moreover, the number of people living in poverty has also risen in these countries may be owing to the globalisation has been advancing too fast for societies to adapt and reform (Thirlwall, 2006).

The movement of peoples and commerce across the globe is now commonplace. Interestingly, nowadays people from the East of the world can easily trade with people in the West. This is the advantage of trade liberalization, which means decreasing the limitations on trade that countries around the world have built over a number of years. The example of benefits of trade liberalisation reported by the centre of economic policy research ‘Agricultural liberalisation is the key for poverty reduction constituting 28% of GDP in low-income countries and 2% in industrialised countries – but both developed and developing countries must liberalize.’ (McCulloch et al., 2001) Even though, the benefits of trade liberalisation have been contributed to by many countries. Some authors suggest that each country might attempt to ensure that domestic industries are protected from competition from foreign producers, for example, through tariffs and other non-tariff barriers such as regulations and legislation. (McGill, 2007)

The effects of globalisation on global businesses.
Whilst the globalisation of production and trade along with the rise of Multinational Corporations is part of the global economy, hence the majority of trade organisations seem to believe that globalisation has raised the global market capacity due to the free trade areas that have been established in many regions such as Europe and Asia-pacific. The consequence of these might be seen in many businesses, the case in point are computer, software industries, and food’s franchise, for example, Microsoft, Yahoo, Google, McDonald, and KFC have been available around the world and have been recognised as global brands. Those brands have been seen frequently in the global marketplace. Those examples above have suggested that the globalisation has brought a lot of advantages to global brands and multinational companies. In contrast, some reports revealed that the remarkable increase of multinational companies in the global market might cause some problems in developing countries. As Pilger (2006) reported that some factories in Indonesia treated the labour like a slave and the company’s code of conduct were not applied by local factories. (Pilger, 2006)

Conclusion
Globalisation has undoubtedly brought significant advantages which are clearly evident in many economic sectors around the world. As a consequence, free trade has lead to sharply rising incomes in developing countries and vast amounts of funds flowing easily around the world through foreign direct investment. Nevertheless, globalisation also brings some negative effects to society, which would suggest that the policy makers of the affected countries may be need to pay close attention to these issues that cause problems for their countries. Furthermore, multinational companies might be able to set up some policies that protect the labour from unfair employment. Then, globalisation could mean a bright future for us all.
Word-count: 1099 words

References

Anand, S. & Segal, P. (2006), ‘What do we know about global income inequality?’, University of Oxford and Nuffield College, Oxford.
Burgess. J, & Connell, J. (2007), ‘Globalisation and Work in Asia’, Chandos Publishing, Oxford, England.
Canadian Economy, ’Globalisation definition’, viewed 28 August 2008,
Friedman, T. L. (2006), ‘The World Is Flat [Updated and Expanded]: The Globalized World in the Twenty-first Century’, the Penguin Group, London.
Globalization, Growth and Poverty: Building an Inclusive World Economy, (2001), the Washington DC press conference, May, viewed 28 August 2008,
<http://econ.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTDEC/EXTRESEARCH/EXTPR%20RS/EXTGGP/0,,menuPK:477838~pagePK:64168092~piPK:64168088~theSitePK:477826,00.html.>
International Monetary Fund (2006), ‘World Economic Outlook, World Economic and Financial Survey’, September, <http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo%20/2006/%2002/pdf/%20weo09%2006.pdf>.
Lasserre, P. (2007), ‘Global strategic Management,’ 2 nd edn, Palgrave Macmillan, New York p12.
McCulloch et al. (2001), ‘Trade Liberalization and Poverty: A Handbook’, centre for economic policy research, the UK Department for International Development, 15 October, viewed 28 August 2008,<http://www.cepr.org/PRESS/P144.htm>.
McGill, E. (2007), ‘Poverty and Social Analysis of Trade Agreements: A more Coherent Approach?’, viewed 25 August 2008, <http://www.bc.edu/schools/law/lawreviews%20/meta-elements/journals/bciclr/27_2/07_TXT.ht>.
Official Documents on Globalization, The University of Iowa, viewed 28 August 2008,
<http://www.uiowa.edu/ifdebook/issues/globalization/docs/global_docs.shtml.>
Pilger, J. (2006), ‘The New rules of The World’, BBC, 7 August, viewed 25 August 2008, <http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?docid=-7932485454526581006&ei=GLaqSJqcEZSgiALvp5TWAQ&q=john+pilger&hl=en.>
Thirlwall A.P. (2006), ‘Growth & Development’, 8th edn, Palgrave Macmillan, New York, p14.
Wealth gap risk to Asian growth, (2007), BBC, April, viewed 28 August 2008, <http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6529091.stm.>
Webber, M. (2002), ‘The economic impact of global warming’, 14 October, viewed 28 August 2008, <http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2327795.stm.>
Weber, T.(2005) ,’Are you ready for Globalisation 2.0?’, 28 January, viewed 28 August 2008,http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4214687.stm.>
World Bank, ‘Globalisation definition’, viewed 28 August 2008,
Zhang, X. (2007),’The Impact of Globalisation and Labour Market Reforms in China’, In Burgess. J, & Connell, J. (eds), ‘Globalisation and Work in Asia’, Chandos Publishing, Oxford, England,(pp 49-66).

Globalisation_2nd draft

Summarise the main effects of globalisation and discuss to what extent they are beneficial to global businesses.

Introduction

Over the past decade there has been a dramatic increase in the world economic growth (Lasserre P, 2007).Some people believed that one of the key factors which have increased the world economic growth is globalisation. While a variety of definitions of the term globalisation has been suggested by many institutes, for example, the Canadian Economy has defined globalization as ‘the increased mobility of goods, services, labour, technology and capital throughout the world.’(http://www.canadianeconomy.gc.ca/) or globalisation is ‘the growing integration of economies and societies around the world’ which was given definition by the World Bank.(http://www.worldbank.org/) The phenomenon of globalisation has had widespread effect in many aspects and it is widely believed that globalisation has brought a lot of benefits to world economy, especially financial markets, trade liberalisation and emerging market economy. However, some critics argue that the vast benefits of globalisation has been delivered to only a group of multinational companies and caused the wide income gap in developing countries (Anand S and Segal P, 2006).This essay will divided into three parts. Firstly, will summarise the main implications of globalisation that might impact on world economy, particularly financial market, emerging market economy and trade liberalisation. Secondly, will show the effects of globalisation on global businesses particularly, global marketplaces and multinational companies (global brands). Finally, the conclusion will be mentioned.

The main implications of globalisation that might impact on world economy; financial market, emerging market economy and trade liberalization.

Financial market: In the new global economy, the capital markets have become a central issue for many discussion and debates and also the era of globalisation have been often mentioned in the world’s financial markets because the movement of capital flows is easy to move across the globe by just one click on your laptop, means the value of the Pound in your Pocket, Yen in your Purse, or Dollar in your Wallet is intrinsically linked to the remarkable technology which directly connected to the trading room and enable investors in Singapore to trade in Wall Street stock market, New York. In the similar way, the supporters state that the globalisation has been a key player for developing global capital flows. As shown by, time zones have been replaced by the twenty four hour a day stock market and foreign direct investment (FDI) is a case in point. According to Lasserre (2007), the report stated that the world capital flow has increased significantly from 630 billion US dollar in 1982 to 10,130 billion US dollar in 2005 by FDI. Moreover, banking companies have been a dramatic branch world wide.

However, anti-globalisation claimed that globalisation was brought many disadvantages to financial market due to when a huge amount of fund were move from one stock market to other stock market .This is exemplified by one of the most important events of the 1977s was the Asian financial crisis, when the vast amount of capital flow had been withdrawn from Asian stock market. These caused not only a big crash in Asian businesses; many firms were closed, because of the lack of financial policies in Asian counties such as Korea, Thailand and Malaysia. Furthermore, despite of fact that it also effected in US and Europe stock markets. (Burgess and Connell, 2007)

Emerging market economy: There have been significant reports that show a rapid increase of wage in emerging countries, particularly China and India. This may be because of the movement of international firms that have set up the global production manufactories in developing countries .The reason for these might be to reduce the cost of product and earn more profit with the cheap labour. According to Zhang (2001), the case of China, one of emerging economic countries, where was benefited by globalisation, when the gross domestic product (GDP) rose over 7.8 percent in 1998.

On the other hand, even though, many beneficial report of globalisation have clearly shown in emerging market. However, some authors has argued that the more economic growth has risen rapidly in emerging countries ,the more negative effects has been discovered .As shown by the example of Asian counties where the huge gap of wage has increased sharply between rich and poor and it has risen every years. Moreover, the number of poverty has risen among those countries. (Thirlwall, 2006) Perhaps, might be the globalisation has been going very fast and then no time to wait for societies reformation. Similarly, Stern (2001) who is former senior vice president and chief economist of the World Bank, stated at the Washington DC press conference;

“Globalisation often has been a very powerful force for poverty reduction, but too many countries and people have been left out, important reasons for this exclusion are weak governance and policies in the non-integrating countries, tariffs and other barriers that poor countries and poor people face in accessing rich country markets, and declining development assistance.”

In the future, perhaps may be the policies maker of developing countries should pay more attention to the negative effects of globalisation that might be cause some problem to their countries.
Trade liberalisation: We are now living in the movement of peoples and commerce across the globe. Interestingly, nowadays people from the East of the world would be easily trades with people in the West. This is the advantage of the trade liberalisation which means decreasing the limitations on trade that countries around the world have built over a number of years. The theory of comparative advantage would suggest that opening up world markets and reducing trade barriers (trade liberalisation) would lead to gains from trade for all concerned. The theory is one thing, getting countries to agree to dismantle the complex trade barriers they have erected over the years are far from easy. The example of benefits of trade liberalisation reported by the centre of economic policy research;
"Agricultural liberalization is the key for poverty reduction constituting 28% of GDP in low-income countries and 2% in industrialized countries – but both developed and developing countries must liberalize." (http://www.cepr.org/)
Even though, the benefits of trade liberalisation have been contributed to many countries but some authors suggest that each countries might be attempt to ensure that domestic industries are protected from competition from foreign producers and can be carried out through a variety of means that through tariffs, which increase the price of goods coming into a country (imports), quotas that a physical limit on the number of goods that can be brought into a country, and other non-tariff barriers such as regulations and legislation that make it very hard for foreign competitors to sell goods into another country.

The effects of globalisation on global businesses; global marketplaces and multinational companies (the example of global brands).

While the globalisation of production and trade along with the rise of Multinational Corporation is part of the globalisation of the economy. The majority of trade organization seems to believe that globalisation has raised the global market capacity due to the free trade areas has been established in many regions such as Europe and Asia-pacific. The consequence of these can be seen in many businesses, computer and software industries, for example, Microsoft, Yahoo and Google have been available around the world and have been recognised as a global brand. Furthermore, the brand names such as McDonald, KFC and SARA have had a big market share when compare with competitors in the global market place. Those examples above have suggested that the globalisation has brought a lot of benefit to global brands and multinational companies.

In-text referencing_Essay

I went to Manachester phrasebank today in order to learn more how to parapahrasing the original source of information.

http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/sources.htm

When we would like to refer to other writers' ideas (author as subject)

e.g.

According to Smith (2003), preventative medicine is far more cost effective, and therefore better adapted to the developing world.

Smith (2003) points out (argues/ maintains /claims /concludes/ suggests) that
preventative medicine is far more cost effective, and therefore better adapted to the developing world.


This view is supported by Jones (2000) who writes ......

Smith argues that

her data support O'Brien's (1988) view that ......

As Smith reminds us, ..............

Exemplification phrases

Discourse markers !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

1) Exemplification phrases

For example.............
............,for example,...............
An example of................

e.g. : The positive effects of globalisation have shown clearly in many aspects .For example economy,finance,education and culture.
.......................................................................................................................................,for example,economy,finance.

As shown by + N...............
Exemplified by ..................
Illustrated by..................



............... shows /exemplifies/illustrates this.

The following examples, ....................
the following are examples of ............: A and B

A and B are example of ...........X

Writers such as
Such writers as ..... Smit and Jonh ............

particularly + N ............
...........(is) a case in point (is) ...............

Illustration of this .................
such as...............

For instance...

First draft Introduction

Summarise the main effects of globalisation and discuss to what extent they are beneficial to global businesses. (First Draft)

Introduction

Over the past century there has been a dramatic increase in the world economic growth and the world GDP has been risen sharply (Lasserre P, 2007, p12).Some people believed that one of the key factors which have increased in the world economic growth is globalisation. While a variety of definitions of the term globalisation has been suggested by many institutes such as the Canadian Economy has defined “globalization as the increased mobility of goods, services, labour, technology and capital throughout the world” or “globalisation is the growing integration of economies and societies around the world” which was given definition by the World Bank. The phenomenon of globalisation has been widespread effect in many aspects, for example, businesses, finance, culture, education, technology, political, health care, environmental, human right. It is widely believed that globalisation has brought a lot of benefits to global economy e.g. trade liberalization, new market opportunities, direct foreign investment, reduce cost of transportation. However, some critics argued that the huge benefits of globalisation has been delivered to only a group of multinational companies .Moreover, the income gap has been increased rapidly in developing countries (Anand S, 2006).This essay will summarise the main effects of globalisation and also will show the benefits and drawbacks of globalisation that might be impact in global businesses.

Word families_practice

Academic vocabulary (especially WORD FAMILIES)

"The Best Places to Launch a Career"

http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/08_37/b4099036445894.htm?chan=top+news_top+news+index+-+temp_news+%2B+analysis

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
lure to lure
talent talented
tightness tighhten tight tightly
stripe stripy
appeal appeal appealing appealingly
ambition ambitious ambitiously
advancement advance advanced
advance

desire desire desirable desirably

perk perk (up) perky perkily

mingle mingy

Verb pattern_Infinitive (to + V) /Gerund(+ing)

I did some exercise today for improving my English skills,verb pattern.

http://www.oup.com/elt/global/products/headway/preintermediate/a_grammar/unit05/hwy_preint_unit05_1/

Remember !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Verb + (-ing)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1

enjoy ,finish,stop,
quit,mind,postpone,
put off ,keep,keep on,
consider,think about ,discuss,
talk about,go

e.g.
He enjoys doing self-study everyday.
She postpones doing her homwork.

Verb + infinitive !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

want, hope, decide, seem, learn(how),
need, expect, promise, appear, try,
plan, offer, pretend, intend, agree,
(can't ) afford , (can't) wait, forget, refuse,mean
would like , would love

e.g. I would like to go shopping with you.
I hope to be a good person for society.
David promises to attend meeting.

Verb + -ing or infinitive !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

begin ,like ,hate, start ,
love , can't stand ,continue,

Essay plan_Globalisation

Eassay topic : Sumarise the main effect of globalisation and discuss to what extent they are beneficial to your subject area(global business)

After I did rearching and read 4 books then I got the essay plan which related to my subject area.

The essay is divided in three parts.
Introduction, Globalisation will be mentioned in general meaning and will show some the example of how it impacts winden areas and then lead to the essay objective that will address the main effects of globalisation and benefits of globalisation which influences global businesses .

Weblearn_Self study packs

http://weblearn.londonmet.ac.uk/webct/urw/lc4130011.tp0/cobaltMainFrame.dowebct

Essay preparation_Globalisation_Cont.

http://www.uiowa.edu/ifdebook/issues/globalization/globalization.shtml

Siri' opinion :

When I read the articles on the websit above I have got the overview about how the globalisation has effected our life in many aspects ,for example, culture ,environment ,capital flows,human rights and sometime globalisation has made a wosening impact to developing countries such as Africa when the poverty has raisen.

ttp://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/5800.html


http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/5475.html

http://www2.hawaii.edu/~fredr/glopa.htm

http://ideas.repec.org/p/nan/wpaper/0506.html

Gapmaker_Collocation

Overview: Oil reversal helps equities rebound

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/540314f4-6ed9-11dd-a80a-0000779fd18c.html

Gapmaker Level 8

Overview: Oil reversal helps equities rebound

By Dave Shellock
Published: August 20 2008 18:06 Last updated: August 20 2008 18:06

A sharp turnaround in the oil price helped trigger a rebound for US and European equities and helped push the dollar back towards a recent six-month high against the euro on Wednesday.
Oil saw volatile trading as investors digested the latest US inventories data. Nymex September West Texas Intermediate briefly spiked back above $117 a barrel before easing back to below $113, down nearly $2 on the day.

US crude inventories rose by much more than expected last week although gasoline stockpiles fell far more than expected.

Initial support for crude came as Goldman Sachs reiterated its forecast for WTI to end the year at $149. The investment bank said it expected fundamental factors, rather than the dollar, to provide the key driver of crude prices.

Elsewhere in commodities, gold retreated in-line with oil but managed to hold above the $800 an ounce mark.

The fall in the oil price offered a much-needed boost to US and European equity markets. By midday in New York, the S&P 500 was up 0.4 per cent after sliding some 2.4 per cent over the previous two sessions.

Financial stocks recouped some of their recent losses - despite ongoing worries about Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, the government sponsored mortgage agencies.

Hewlett-Packard also pushed ahead after the company unveiled strong profits and an encouraging outlook.

The pan-European FTSE Eurofirst 300 index rose 0.5 per cent and the FTSE 100 in London gained 1 per cent, as mining and commodity stocks returned to favour.

It was a more mixed picture in Asia, however. In Tokyo, the Nikkei 225 Average slipped 0.1 per cent but Australian stocks climbed 1.3 per cent and Singaopore gained 0.9 per cent.

The standout performance came from China amid unconfirmed reports that that Beijing would implement an economic stimulus package that would offer support to the market.

The Shanghai composite index leapt 7.6 per cent, while the Hang Seng index in Hong Kong rose 2 per cent.

But Wengsheng Ping, analyst at Barclays Capital, said: “From a macroeconomic point of view, we do not expect a major policy stimulus in the near term following the recent increase of bank credit quotas by the central bank.”

Emerging market equities in general had a strong day as they bounced off Tuesday’s one-year lows. In Russia, the RTS index rose 1.7 per cent Bovespa index gained 1.9 per cent.

On the currency markets, the dollar resumed its upward path - coming within striking distance of a six-month high against the euro and a two-year peak against sterling.

The pound was undermined by the release of the minutes of the Bank of England’s last policy meeting, which revealed a three-way split within the Monetary Policy Committee over the path of UK interest rates.
“The seemingly softer tone to the Committee’s discussion in August, in keeping with a more muted outlook in the [BoE’s Quarterly] Inflation Report, does seem to have pretty much ruled out any prospect of a rate hike - which was already slim - as it would risk an “unnecessarily deep” downturn,” said David Page, economist at Investec Securities.

“However, we still do not believe the Committee will be willing to cut rates at the time of the next Inflation Report in November. At this time, the latest reading on inflation (for September) is likely to be in excess of 5 per cent.”

The 10-year UK Gilt yield fell 5bp to 4.54 per cent as investors digested the more dovish tone of the minutes.

Elsewhere in the government bonds market, US Treasuries moved ahead as persistent concerns about Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac prompted safe-haven buying. The yield on the 10-year note was down 3 basis points at 3.81 per cent while the two-year yield was 2bp lower at 2.28 per cent.

Collocations from this article

A sharp turnaround in
a rebound for US and European equities
a recent six-month high
the latest US inventories data
US crude inventories rose by much more than expected
gasoline stockpiles
fundamental factors
to provide the key driver of crude prices
in commodities
The fall in the oil price
a much-needed boost to US and European equity markets.
the previous two sessions
Financial stocks
an encouraging outlook.
mining and commodity stocks
a more mixed picture in Asia
Beijing would implement
an economic stimulus package
a major policy stimulus in
Emerging market equities in general
On the currency markets,
The seemingly softer tone to the Committee’s discussion in August
the government bonds market

Reading practice

Drugs groups accused on prices

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/531591dc-6cba-11dd-96dc-0000779fd18c.html?nclick_check=1

After I finished this article I have got some collocations and nice phrases

- the medical watchdog
- overcharging for drugs to boost their share price
- depended on producing earnings growth
- should not be treated with expensive new medicines
- We are told we are being mean all the time

Essay preparation_Globalisation

Globalisation :

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4214687.stm

Are you ready for Globalisation 2.0?
By Tim Weber Business Editor, BBC News website, in Davos

Would you run a business and ignore five billion potential customers? The fact is, many businesses do

http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?docid=-7932485454526581006&ei=GLaqSJqcEZSgiALvp5TWAQ&q=john+pilger&hl=en

The new rulers of the world

Collocation

I re-read the collocations lesson that was taught by Steve in the class today (Thank you for Steve's blog)

Globalisation [NOUN]/ is…(our definitions)

-the process of people and countries connecting to each other with ease (+)

-goods, services, culture disseminated around the world creating homogeneity (+-)

-a process of harmonisation (+)-a sociological process that tends to homogenise cultural identities (-)

Globalisation "Pros & cons"

+Easier to regulate the circulation of goods and people

- Lose cultural identity

+Everybody has access to the same information (“we’re all singing from the same hymn sheet”)

-Increase/widen the gap between rich and poor

+Increase the variety of everything (products, services)Reduces individual freedom

+ Increase in GDP which is then ‘shared’ among local people

+Gives power to unelected groups/bodies (businesses)

+ Developing expertise

- Abuse by multinationals of environment/developing countries’ workforce, resources

+Promotes the philosophy of Free Trade

-Debt

- Price fixing, monopolisation

- Puts an excessive focus/premium on industrial development

Other collocations that would be useful if you were to write/speak about globalisation:

- international trade,

- the global economy,

- world economic growth,

- world economy,

- world business,

- a rapid increase in,

- a substantial increase in,

- the vast majority of,

- a slight improvement in,

- a huge improvement,

- a gradual improvement,

- a direct benefit of,

- manufactured goods,

- an inflated price,

- a serious flaw,

- a global company,

- (to run) a retail network,

- (to be) socially and environmentally responsible,

- global warming

Steve's sentences:

-A direct benefit of having computers in the classroom is that one has instant access to the internet

-A huge improvement of the Thai economy occurs when it exports Jasmine rice to another country.

Siri's sentences :

- The vast majority of venture capitalists have directly benefited from a rapid increase in the world economic growth.

- The energy companies organised conference to discuss global warming and environmentally responsible issues in August.

HOMEWORK: Please go to the bbc website and read all the business case studies. Choose one and do a gapmaker collocation exercise on it. Make a list of all the collocations you’ve discovered and then write some sentences about your own subject using any of the new collocations.

Model verb_Exercise

Today after I had finished the class I went to do some model verb excercise as I have got the website from Jim's blog ;Thanks to Jim

http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal8.htm

First,I did the excercise and got 64 %

Then,
http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal8.htm

I tried it again ,I got 78% so I think I have to read how to use model verb again.

;-))

Globalisation ?

http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/reith1999/lecture1.shtml

Thanks Sheraz for this website

Listening lecture & Transcripts

Listening lecture & transcript

http://www.personal.rdg.ac.uk/~wcl8/sacll/lectures.php


http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/reith2008/


http://www.llas.ac.uk/materialsbank/mb062/Unit3/li_spinal/page_01.htm

Concordances_website

Concordances_website

http://www.lextutor.ca/concordancers/wwwassocwords.pl?SearchType=equal_to&Corpus=Brown_strip.txt&SortType=left&SearchStr=stance

I considered this website is very usuful for improving my verb pattern or collocation because it gave me the example which make me more understand verb patternThank you Andy for giving this website to the class

Talking about ideas

Welcome to third month :-))

Today I went to the class in the morning and I found that I has been still in the same class with last month :-).But,Our class has got a new teachers,Steve and Dilek. For the first session was taught by Steve and then followed by Dilek. After the class finished we have got some homework that were the excercises about useful language for talking about ideas and written the answer of the questions below :-))

1. How would you EXPRESS THE ESSENCE of your subject? (I.E. Can you explain in one or two clear sentences what your subject is about?)

Siri: Pre-master in businees will be started on September and will take one semester to finish it .In my opinion I think the essence of this course might be prepare the students to be ready and more confident for Master degree by giving the academic skills and business background.

2. Are those people studying in your subject FREE TO INTERPRET the data and ideas of the subject, or are these fairly circumscribed?

Siri : The ideal course may be free everyone to enterpret their ideas among the class in part of business ideas ,but about the academic skills that might be taught by standard curriculums.


3. Can you explain one KEY CONCEPT from your subject?

Siri : The key concept of Pre-master in business may be prepare the postgraduated student to tackle academic study with confidence.


4. What is the ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK of your subject (i.e. what modules would be taught on an undergraduate course)?

Siri: The analytical framework of Pre-master in business is divided into two parts.First, the acdemic skills will be taught and secondly,will be followed by business modules.

5. Are there any NOTIONS from your subject that are quite controversial or have caused disagreement and debate among academics?

Siri's ideas : There have been many notations in business areas that have been debating such as some excellent strategies on the book will be applyed as a prctical in the field.


6. How has your subject changed your STANCE on certain issues or your VIEWPOINT on life. (Think of two ways).

Siri's ideas : My viewpoint of academic skills will sharpen by the course and might be some new situations from business case will change my stancepoint.

Modal Verbs

I went to Jim's blog and I have got a modal verbs website that make me understand clearly about it.

http://www.englishpage.com/modals/can.html


Common Modal Verbs
Can
Could
May
Might
Must
Ought to
Shall
Should
Will
Would

Modal verb meanings in my understanding.

Modal meanings are related in a general way to attitude, capability or point of view. They include:
ability : He can lift that car
willingness : I will do it for him
permission : You may go now
obligation :I should visit my mother more often
necessity: You have to start the engine first
probability : He should be there by now
possibility : I might leave tomorrow


Thank you Jim for posting a Great website

The third month : Welcome Manchester !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! :-))

The third month has started today I have been staying in the same class as last month but, the class name was changed from Lime to Manchester.I think it is a very good sign for me as my favorite football team is Manchester United which was a Champion of the league last season.I wish my team have a best luck for new season which has been started on Sat ,16 August. GO United Get the Winner cups again .!!!!!!!!!! ;-))

Welcome Manchester ;-))

18 August : 3 rd month has been started

Welcome to 3rd month .I have been launching third month with Manchester class

First draft_‘Increased use of science and technology to fight crime is an infringement on personal privacy.’ To what extent do you agree or disagree w

‘Increased use of science and technology to fight crime is an infringement on personal privacy.’ To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Over the past decades, science and technology have been significantly developed in many areas. It is common believed that a new era of technology has been providing a large number of benefits such as medicine, a medical devices, an internet and a crime devices. Especially, when America was attacked by terrorist on 11 September 2001(BBC, September 11, 2001).The high-technology criminal investigation - e.g. Close Circuit Television (CCTV), DNA profiling and Biometrics recognition - were used to investigate the terrorist. The use of CCTV and Biometrics technique has dramatically increased in the concerned countries such as the United State and the United Kingdom, London has set up 5,000 cameras in the central line tube station (McCahill M and Norris C, June 2002) , in order to prevent terrorism and a reduction of crime rate. Even though, it is generally agreed that the using of high-technology to reduce crime or protect society from terrorist has more advantages than disadvantages. However, some people argued that their privacy was irritated by the crime devices. This essay will give the drawbacks of using technology to fight crime that might impact personal privacy.

The common viewpoint is that the crime high-technology has been a breakthrough of catching the criminal as well as benefits for society, for example when someone was killed at the car park where the CCTV were already set up, the criminal face was captured so it was easy for the police to catch them. However, it is often argued that CCTV is appropriate or not to install in the private areas e.g. house, toilet. Bennetto J, The Independent, stated that Londoner has been captured by cameras on the street about 300 times a day (The Independent, 2002) in order to decrease crime rate. As well as some argument from Fussey’s study was addressed that “In the future, new technology will allow police to solve 100% of all crimes. The bad news is that we'll realize 100% of the populations are criminals, including the police.” (Fussey, 2008).Regarding DNA databases and eyes recognition are an individual uniqueness some people was considered as a crucial identification and denied to disclose to public databases. Finally, some research was suggested that the impact of using technology should be considered (Fussey, 2008).
References
1. America’s Day of Terror 11 September 2001, viewed 8 August, 2008, <http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/americas/2001/day_of_terror>.
2. McCahill M and Norris C (2002), ‘CCTV in London’, June, P 6.
3. P Fussey, 2008 ‘Beyond Liberty, Beyond Security: The Politics of Public Surveillance’, British Politics, British Politics (2008) 3, 120–135.
4. Bennetto J, 2002, ‘Half CCTV schemes do not reduce crime rates’, The Independent, 29 June, viewed 8 August 2008, <http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/half-cctv-schemes-do-not-reduce--crime-rates-646686.html>.
5. Mazerolle, L., Hurley, D. & Chamlin, M. 2002, ‘Social Behaviour in Public Space: An Analysis of Behavioural Adaptations to CCTV’, Security Journal, 15/3, pp. 59-75.
6. Adams, J. 1996, ‘Privacy: Security surveillance versus civil rights’, Security Australia, 16/4, May, pp. 24-28.
7. Brown, S. 1998, ‘what’s the problem, girls? CCTV and the gendering of public safety’, in C. Norris, J. Moran and G. Armstrong eds., Surveillance, Closed Circuit Television and Social Control, Aldershot: Ashgate.

Written by Siri

Post-seminar reflection_Fighting crime with science seminar

Fighting crime with science seminar: Tuesday 5 August 2008 ;12.10 - 13.00 pm

I attended the seminar which was "Fighting crime with science" that was very valuable seminar,interesting topic and sharing ideas among classmate esapecially the seminar was set up a panel of chairperson .Today I would like to evaluate myself or feed back from the seminar. Firstly,I think it would be better if I did more preparation about the article related to the criminal statistics in UK and around the world then I could shared the information among class to see the big picture of crime.Secondly,I considered that I expressed enough ideas and logical arguments for supporting the benifits of CCTV in our society.In addition I had also submitted some statistical review about technological innovation such as finger prints,DNA databased,biometric and so on.During the seminar I was a good listener and tried to catch up the main ideas from panel and I think I got on very well with other people.Finally,I found that the grammatical correctness was my weakpoint and also limited academic vocabularies was a huge problem for me.However,I have already set my objective to improve my weakepoints by spending an effective self study time practice it.

Reading practice_Thai Big case in the court_the former prime minister and business tycoon

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/e8925bca-5ed5-11dd-91c0-000077b07658.html?nclick_check=1

Vocabularies :
- sentenced to = (v/n) punishment
- judiciary
- tax evasion = (n) ways of illegally paying less tax than you should
- the verdict (n) = an opinion or decision made after judging the facts that are given, especially one made at the end of a tria
- string of (series) (n)
- mass street protests
- a coalition government = the union of different political parties or groups for a particular purpose, usually for a limited time:
-

Academic word lists_Exercises

http://web.uvic.ca/~gluton/awl/AWLSublist01-Ex1a.htm

After I reviewed the academic word lists then I did the exercise,I have got 80 %

Correct answers
1. He did an _analysis__ of the way children learn language for his Master's thesis.


2. He was arrested for drunk driving because he had drunk more than the _legle______________ limit of alcohol.


3. The culture of the United States is quite __similar_____________ to that of Canada.

4. The Canadian _economy______________ is largely based on natural resources.

5. Environmental pollution seems to be an important ____factor___________ in the increase in cancers all over the world.

6.The apartment will be __available_____________ on June first.

7. The young popstar became famous while still in high school after winning a ____contract___________ with a major record label.

8. Your continued lateness for class ___indicates____________ to me that you are not really a very serious student.

9. Living in Berlin during the _period______________ when the Berlin Wall was torn down was an unforgettable experience.

10. Some _research______________ into second language learning suggests that oral fluency may increase with moderate amounts of alcohol.

Academic word lists_Friday session

I visited the website,the academic vocabulary.I did the excercise and I found out more academic vocabulary

Word class :

1. derive (V) / derivation (n) /derivative (adj)

derive from sth phrasal verb [often passive]to come from something:

e.g : The English word 'olive' is derived from the Latin word 'oliva'.

Sublist 1 :
analyze
constitute
establish
indicate
occur
role
approach
context
estimate
individual
percent
section
area
contract
evident
interpret,period,sector,assess,create,export, involve,policy,significant,assume,data,factor,issue,principle,similar,authority,define,finance,labour,proceed,source,available,derive,formula,legal,process,specific,benefit,distribute,function,legislate,require,structure,concept,economy,identify,major,research,theory,consist,environment,income,method,respond ,vary

Fighting crime with science seminar_preparation

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/6900807.stm

Vocabularies :

- hail

- neighbourhood wardens led to a fall in robberies and burglaries.

Useful pharses for introduction

Some people consider that...
It's generally agreed that ....
A common viewpoint is that ....
It is widely believed that....
Recent research has suggested that....
It is often argued that.....
Many people say that ...........

http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/introductions.htm

Useful language from Green book

This essay will.......
give an overview of...
discuss....
try to explan the main reasons
argue that ...
put forward the...
weigh up the benefits and drawbacks of ...
consider the arguments for
try to answer/address the question of whether ....

First Draft_the introduction_B (page 52)

" We live in a world in which we are dangerously influenced by media images"

First draft :

Have you ever considered the world without technology and media? It might be quiet but, since technology and media have been invented by mankind the Earth has never slept. Nowadays, it is widely believed that media, such as television, internet, music, movies, VDO game, and others, has become a common things in daily life while some people has considered media as a potential role of their life, actor, actress and singers. However, even though in the past decade the most of people in society has been familiar with media and has seen the rapid development of media image in many ways, both positive and negative side. Interestingly, the research of the media-awareness <http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/issues/index.cfm> has revealed that the viewers could be effected by media image such as stereotype can be problematic and viewing habit. So this essay will give an overview of the disadvantage of media image that might impact on our society

Jim's class excercise

The …aim/purpose…………. of this paper is to consider the nature of moral education in Soviet children’s literature. It is particularly …concerned……………. with the moral values presented in books published with the …purpose/aim………………. of teaching reading at primary school. The thesis …consists…………. of four parts. The first part attempts to …address……………. a number of general questions relating to children’s literature from any historical period. Parts 2,3 and 4 are ………devoted……….. specifically to the Soviet example. Part 2 is …divided……….. into three main sections, the first of which discusses the nature of the Soviet value system with a particular ……focus……….. on the work ethic.

Reading

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/1d66b762-5cc2-11dd-8d38-000077b07658.html

Siri's summary :

Listening _Business Lecture online

http://www.ft.com/cms/a5dd621a-e39d-11dc-8799-0000779fd2ac.html?_i_referralObject=784714690&fromSearch=n

Siri's opinion :

Verb pattern_excercise

http://www.learn-english-today.com/wordgames/hotpot-quizzes/verb-patterns1.html

I did the test for improving verb patterns ,I have got six out of eight (6/8)

Verb pattern "a useful link"

Useful link

http://www.dersimizingilizce.com/writing%20web%20pages/verb%20patterns.htm


http://www.abdn.ac.uk/languagecentre/resources/grammar/verbpatt_info.php

http://www.learn-english-today.com/wordgames/hotpot-quizzes/verb-patterns1.html

Seminar feedback_The media/television

Topic : The media/television
Friday 25 July 2008 : 12.00-12.40 pm

Written seminar report by Siri

The seminar was about the media/television was held on Friday .Perhaps the aim of this session would like to give the seminar experience for pre-sessional students,thinking ,speaking and express opinion skills, that found very useful for Master degree which seminars will be arranged often.

The seminar was devided by three parts.Firstly, the seminar addressed about television viewing habits around the world and moved to television images and finally mentioned the future for television and television viewers.The number of attendees were 6 people from China,Thailand,Japan,Taiwan and Bangladesh.

The majoritry of attendees agreed that the television viewing habits was an interesting point.Surprisingly,Chinese attendees state that more than 200 million chinese people have been spending time watching television everyday as specially housewives,like watching soap operas, and childrend has spent more time with cartoon networks or playing computer game.While Janpan is the country where the people have spent more time,four to five hours,for watching TV programmes such as comedy.Conversaly, Bangladeshi has spent just a fews hours for watching TV but, Taiwanese and Thai had a similar hours,three to four,watching chat or game show or soap opers during weekday.

Most attendees saw the same point as TV viewing habits have changed in the last twenty years and the number of viewers have been declining in the future.This might possibly that people more knowledgeable or other accessible such as internet and mobile phone.However, all attendees agreed that TV has had a positive effects as a news channels ,documentary or entertainment programmes which is cheaper than going out but, some programmes contained with violence,sexuality,not useful or inappropriate information that may cause negative effect on society,children have developed violent behaviour.

Regarding the television images ,almost five in six of attendees saw the same points that only one in five of the programmes in their countries have been showing the real things.Interestingly, young generation in Janpan ,Bangladesh and Taiwan were influenced by media or celebrities while the Bangladeshi government has set up censorship of the press and has been using for political purpose but, other countries the government has not much involved especially Janpan ,the law said that the government not be able to embroil with the press or media.As expected,over four in six agreed that stereotypes,both men and women,have been influenced by television images,normally with the children and teenager but, some of attendees have seen difference points about stereotypes and also stated that stereotypes on TV can be avoided by increasing awareness of media companies.

Unsurprisingly, the media literacy is the most important issues for all attendees and they all agreed that media literacy should be taught in school in order to making people to understand ,identify,critical media and increasing awareness of how they will be influenced by the media.Interestingly, Japan and Taiwan have already established a media literacy in school programmes while Thailand ,Bangladesh and China have not yet developed it.

Feedback for seminar : Siri's opinion

Seminar day,I felt very good when I was attending the seminar ,perhaps because of I did preparation before I was there and knew about topic ,background from my country and UK,the links that was given in the green book was very useful. After I finished the seminar I think my strong point about leadership was useful for the seminar group that need some one to led the topic and encouraged all attendees to paticipate in the seminar and be a good listener while others were speaking and write down the key agreement and disagreement but ,I still considered for my weak point about grammatical accuracy ,pronounciation and some new vocabularies that I searched before but not be able to use as much as I thought .I hope next time I will improve my weak point and share my strong point with others again.

Vocabulary for TV & Media

- soap opera

- news channel

- reality shows

- game/quiz show

- current affairs

- documentary

- comedy /sitcom (situation comedy)

- one-hit-wonder

- watershed ;9.00 pm

- rating

- censorship

- TV talents

- terrestrial

- satellite

- cable

-digital

-internet

- press conference

- in depth

- unbiased account

Note-taking skill_Website

http://www.dartmouth.edu/~acskills/success/notes.html


http://sas.calpoly.edu/asc/ssl/notetaking.systems.html#mapping

I visited the following websites and I have found that quite usefull for me even I have learnt how to write a note when attend the lecture but still not be able to catching up in something so I will remind myself with the websites above and hope my listening and note-taking skills will be improved soon.

Preparation for Seminar_Media and TV

http://www.mediasmart.org.uk/media_literacy/index.html

Vovabularies connected to this topic

1) literacy (n) : the ability to read/write or a particular type of knowleage /ability to analyse in the positive way

e.g. : The media literacy has been putting as a key issue at 2008 media conference that will be held in London next month.

2) stereotype (n/v) = categorize, pattern, standard, typecast or a fixed idea that people have about something or someone is like ,

e.g. : The people stereotype,not only men but also women ,has been affected by TV image.

3) wisely(adv) : showing a good judgement

e.g.: At the present,media has been a big influencer in our society so we considered to provide a very wisely lesson to childrend at school.

4) multi-media society

5) appraise(v) : to examine someone or sth in order to judge their quality ,success or needs

e.g.: I was appraised by my boss last week.

6) via = through

e.g. : I did the data collection via the internet.

7) vast = extreamly big

8) critically(adv) / criticise(v) /critical(adj) /critic(n)

9) broadly(adv) /broad(adj) /broadness(n) /broaden(v)

10) toddle(v) : to walk with the short step

11) imitate (v) : to behave in the similar way /imitative(adj) /imitatively(adj)/imitation(n)

12) crave (v) / craving (n) : a strong or uncontrollable desire

e.g. Child also have a craving action.

13) desire(v) : a strong feeling that you want sth.

14) adolescent(n) : a young person who is developing into adult.

15) interpret(v) : to decide that what the intended meaning of sth is /express

16) advocacy : support /advocate (n)

17) fiction (n) / fictitious(adj)

18) imperative (n/adj) : extreamly important or urgent ,need to be done

19) convey(v) : communicate /to express ideas

http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/issues/stereotyping/


http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/entertainment/2006/future_of_tv/


http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/jan/16/television.socialnetworking?gusrc=rss&feed=networkfront


http://www.healthypages.co.uk/newsitem.php?news=5262

Academic vocabulary in Use

1) Diploma :

2) MA :

3) core modules

4) elective modules

5) proceed to

6) opt (v) for / option (n) /optional (adj)

7) obligatory(adj) / obligation(n) /oblige(v)

8) assignment

9) dissertation

10) eligible(adj) / eligibility(n)

11) distrinction

12) defer

13) supervision(person) /supervise(v) /supervisory(adj)

14) sign up for

15) upgrade

16) tertiary education

17) higher education : provide by university or college

18) further education : education for people who left school,not provide by university

19) vocational(adj) : teaching or the skills you need to do a particular job

20) BA

21) BSc

22) Msc

23) MA

24) docterate (Phd)